Classical Conversations Cycle 3 Tutor Plans

Here are my Classical Conversations Cycle 3 tutor plans for the 2026-2027 school year. This year my class is mostly Abecedarian and Apprentice students (ages 4-6).

Note: this is a WORKING document…aka I’m filling it in as I progress through the year. While I have some plans already planned out at the beginning of the year, I don’t have the whole year planned. So SAVE this post and come back to it periodically to see what I’ve added.

If you want to see what I did week by week in video form, I’ll have short recap videos on YouTube for each week – you can see those HERE.

This post contains some affiliate links. If you purchase a product through an affiliate link I make a small commission at no cost to you. Thank you!

The way my brain works is to plan by subject, not by week. It makes more sense to me to pick a variety of ways to introduce math and fill those in for several weeks, then look at Latin and think about how I might want to approach that one, and so on. So rather than sharing “week 1” and all the things I’m doing for week 1, then doing the same with week 2, and so on, I’m going to share by subject. I hope that works for your brain too!

If you want to see how I prepped for this year of tutoring (making my tutor board, classroom organization, my binder, etc.) check out this post and this video (video coming later):

Resources

Here are several fantastic resources that I reference and use as inspiration as I’m planning.

General places to get ideas

CC Connected (aka CCC). Once you’re contracted to be a tutor you’ll have access in CCC to a tutor forum where people share tutor files. That being said, there isn’t a whole lot of stuff there. Some, but not tons. There are quite a few resources in the regular CC parent shared forum though. Everything I’ve found on CCC I’m linking here.
CC official Cycle 3 Tutor Facebook group for 2026-2027. This group is full of ideas. The tutors in there share files and ideas, this is my go-to resource.
Abecedarian Tutors Facebook group – Another group with lots of ideas specific to the youngest learners.
Main CC FB group – There’s also lots of stuff for tutors in the main CC group so use the search functions there as well.

Lesson plans

There are several people on CC Connected or in the Facebook groups who generously share files with their whole entire set of filled in lesson plans for Cycle 3. There are also a couple of bloggers/YouTubers who share their plans from each week. These are great resources to reference as you’re planning.

Weekly Helps – CC has created a list of ideas to help you as you plan each week. These are great! To find them log in to CCC, make sure you’re under your “tutor” profile, go to the “Business” tab, and search “Weekly Helps”
Filled in lesson plans with lots of ideas
Love, Mrs C. on YouTube shares video recaps of what she does each week in her class.
Devoted to Littles has a blog and YouTube channel where she will be sharing what she’s doing each week.
…(and of course I have my plans here and on YouTube)

Other resources

This document has a TON of great ideas of how to present new grammar and this document has a bunch of review games ideas (click “make a copy” to see them) (shared in the tutors’ group)

Rolling review pages – I love using these rolling review pages during review time so I know exactly which weeks/facts I’m supposed to be reviewing each week. I basically use it as a checklist. (You can also do the same with the CC memory work flashcards – in the past when I did that I would gather that week’s plus the previous 6 weeks and put them in a box, then would draw from that box to ask questions during review. Then just switch them out each week – removing one week and adding in the new week)

This document is a GIANT compilation of everything – the Foundations guide, ideas for art and science, maps, handouts, activities. (scroll down in the post for a comment from Chastine with a google drive links for Cycles 1 and 2 – I have not found cycle 3 posted yet but when I do, I’ll update this)

My planner

Our director prints this planner for us each year, so that’s what I use; here is an option on Etsy; (and someone usually shares an option on Canva, I haven’t seen that posted yet this year but when I do I’ll come back and update this post).

I use the one our director prints to jot down a quick overview of what I’m doing as I’m planning and this editable one to type out more specific info (lyrics, hand motions, etc.) that I print out each week and put in sheet protectors in my tutor binder.

(You can see what else is in my binder in my tutor prep post HERE)

New Grammar

Here is what I have planned for introducing new grammar each week. I’ll keep updating this post as I plan more through the year.

Math

Week 1: hop while doing the 1s, march in pairs while doing the 2s
Week 2: high knees for the 3s, toe touches for the 4s
Week 3: high fives (crossbody) for 5s, balance on one foot for 6s
Week 4: reach high for 7s, speed skate for 8s
Week 5: change positions (lay down, sit, kneel, squat, stand, stretch high) for 9s, chant with shakers for 10s
Week 6: hold a variety of silly poses (like statues) for 11s, do squats for 12s
Week 7: (13s) use the pop it
Week 8: (14s) do squats, punches, and calf raises as we listen/sing
Week 9: (15s) do wall sits, lunges, and high knees as we listen/sing
Week 10: (squares) make a large square with painters tape on the and have kids walk around it like a balance beam, walk backward, and crawl around it as we listen/sing
Week 11: (cubes) use cubes (I used linking cubes but you could use wooden cubes, dice, centimeter cubes, sugar cubes, etc.) and the kids tried to make as tall a stack as possible while we sang the song
Week 12: Sing this song and use these cards to put the equations together correctly
Week 13: Sing this song and use these cards to put the equations together correctly
Week 14: Sing this song while taking a tiny step, then a medium step, then a giant step, then a leap
Week 15: Use these cards to put the equations together correctly
Week 16: Sing the beginning of this song and do hand motions (draw a rectangle with fingers, hold arms parallel for =, ASL L, cross arms for x, then ASL W)
Week 17: Sing the square portion of this song and walk around in a square that I made on the floor with painter’s tape
Week 18: Sing the triangle portion of this song and do some hand motions (squat down to represent “1/2”, hold arms out straight and parallel to the floor to represent “base” and then straight up and down to represent “height”)
Week 19: Sing the area of the circle portion of this song and use these cards to put the equations together correctly
Week 20: Sing the circumference of the circle portion of this song and use these cards to put the equations together correctly
Week 21: Use these cards to put the equations together correctly
Week 22: Use these cards to put the equations together correctly
Week 23: Use these cards to put the equations together correctly and sing this song
Week 24: Sing this song and use these cards to put the equations together correctly

History

Week 1: sing song, use hand motions, and put the visual cards in order
Week 2: song, hand motions and put visual cards in order (same visual cards from week 1 for all 24 weeks)
Week 3: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 4: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 5: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 6: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 7: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 8: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 9: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 10: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 11: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 12: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 13: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 14: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 15: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 16: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 17: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 18: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 19: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 20: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 21: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 22: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 23: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order
Week 24: song, hand motions, and put visual cards in order

Timeline

Week 1: sing/do motions, students take turns coming up to put the timeline cards in order
Week 2: sing/do motions, take turns pointing to the cards with my pointer
Week 3: hide cards around classroom, they find/line up; sing/do motions
Week 4: Timeline Detective (one child comes up and flips one card over while the other’s cover their eyes, then they look and see if they can figure out which card is turned over; then repeat)
Week 5: Timeline bomb (put “bombs” on the back of the cards, kids take turns picking a card, turn over to see if they got a bomb – if they do then we count down 3…2…1…EXPLODE!)
Week 6: Jump the River (use a jump rope in a U shape to make a skinny “river”, each time through the song make the river a little bit wider so they have to jump further to cross it)
Week 7: scramble up the cards then the kids put them in order
Week 8: take turns pointing to the cards with my pointer
Week 9: hide cards around classroom, they find/line up; sing/do motions
Week 10: Timeline Detective
Week 11: Timeline bomb
Week 12: Limbo (using a jump rope) while listening to the song
Week 13: scramble up cards/kids put back in order
Week 14: take turns pointing to the cards with my pointer
Week 15: hide cards around classroom, they find/line up; sing/do motions
Week 16: Timeline Detective
Week 17: Timeline bomb
Week 18: Limbo (using a jump rope) while listening to the song
Week 19: scramble up the cards then the kids put them in order
Week 20: take turns pointing to the cards with my pointer
Week 21: hide cards around classroom, they find/line up; sing/do motions
Week 22: Timeline Detective
Week 23: Timeline bomb
Week 24: Point at the presidents on the timeline cards with a pointer

Science

Week 1: use these hand motions and silly voices (whisper, deep man voice, robot)
Week 2: sing this song and point to skull, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum as we sing
Week 3: hand motions and silly voices (crying, mad, slow like a turtle)
Week 4: hand motions and silly voices (stick out tongue, super fast, mouse voice)
Week 5: hand motions
Week 6: hand motions and call/repeat (I say, they echo)
Week 7: hand motions and silly voices (whisper, deep man voice, robot)
Week 8: hand motions and call/repeat (I say, they echo)
Week 9: hand motions and silly voices (crying, mad, slow like a turtle)
Week 10: hand motions and call/repeat (I say, they echo)
Week 11:
Week 12:
Week 13:
Week 14:
Week 15:
Week 16:
Week 17:
Week 18:
Week 19:
Week 20:
Week 21:
Week 22:
Week 23:
Week 24:

Latin

Week 1: Call/repeat (I say Latin, they say English; then vice versa) with our Latin Lizards (I have a lizard puppet, they have these little googly eye rings they put on their fingers to make their hands lizards)
Week 2: Call/repeat with our Latin Lizards
Week 3: Call/repeat with our Latin Lizards
Week 4: Call/repeat with our Latin Lizards
Week 5: Call/repeat with our Latin Lizards
Week 6: Call/repeat with our Latin Lizards
Week 7: Call/repeat with our Latin Lizards
Week 8: Call/repeat with our Latin Lizards
Week 9:
Week 10:
Week 11:
Week 12:
Week 13:
Week 14:
Week 15:
Week 16:
Week 17:
Week 18:
Week 19:
Week 20:
Week 21:
Week 22:
Week 23:
Week 24:

English

Week 1: Sing/chant (from here) while clapping
Week 2: Sing/chant (from here) while clapping
Week 3: Sing/chant (from here) while clapping
Week 4: Sing this song
Week 5: Sing this week’s portion of this song and hop through the agility ladder
Week 6: Sing this week’s portion of this song and hop through the agility ladder
Week 7: Sing this week’s portion of this song and hop through the agility ladder
Week 8: Sing this week’s portion of this song and hop through the agility ladder
Week 9: Sing this week’s portion of this song and hop through the agility ladder
Week 10: Sing this week’s portion of this song and hop through the agility ladder
Week 11: Sing this week’s portion of this song and hop through the agility ladder
Week 12: Sing this week’s portion of this song and hop through the agility ladder
Week 13: Sing this week’s portion of this song and hop through the agility ladder
Week 14: Sing this week’s portion of this song and hop through the agility ladder
Week 15: Sing this week’s portion of this song and hop through the agility ladder
Week 16: Sing this week’s portion of this song and hop through the agility ladder
Week 17:
Week 18:
Week 19:
Week 20:
Week 21:
Week 22:
Week 23: Put the four sentence structures in the four corners of the room and run to each one as we say them
Week 24: Sing this song/chant

Geography

Week 1: Move little ducks from state to state
Week 2: Move little ducks from state to state
Week 3: Move little ducks from state to state
Week 4: Move little ducks from state to state
Week 5: Move little ducks from state to state
Week 6: Move little ducks from state to state
Week 7: Move little ducks from state to state
Week 8: Move little ducks from state to state
Week 9: point with witch fingers
Week 10: Move little ducks from state to state
Week 11: Use little pointers
Week 12: Use little pointers
Week 13:
Week 14:
Week 15:
Week 16:
Week 17:
Week 18:
Week 19:
Week 20:
Week 21:
Week 22:
Week 23:
Week 24:

(This is the official CC geography song for the states and capitals – I am not using it during new grammar but I am using it during review each week to review the states we’ve learned so far)

Fine Arts

Drawing (weeks 1-6)

Week 1: OiLS

Read: Ish (alternative option: The Dot)
Practice: OiLS using the practice worksheet from here
Practice: draw a ladybug using oils using example from here
Discuss: find oils in famous paintings (printouts here)
Project: Draw a boat (instructions from Art with Allie here)

Week 2: Mirror images

Review OiLS
Investigate line of symmetry with construction paper shapes
Children’s book examples: Madeline (alternatives: Seeing Symmetry and Mirror Mirror)
Practice: drawing the other half of shapes (examples from Sandbox, etc.)
Practice: finding lines of symmetry with their names (print off each student’s name in block letters)
Project: Liberty Bell mirror image (from Inside the Lines here)

Week 3: Upside down

Review OiLS
Children’s book examples: Near, Far (alternatives: Turn Around Upside Down ABC book and Seven Blind Mice)
Practice: draw upside down dog
Project: Upside down Statue of Liberty (instructions from Inside the Lines here)

Week 4: Abstract

Children’s book examples: The Very Hungry Caterpillar (alternatives: Math Curse and My Many Colored Days)
bring pictures of examples of abstract art (from here)
Practice: Roll & Draw with OiLS
Project: Abstract American flag (using this tutorial; or if that’s too complicated then filling in a blank American flag)

Week 5: Perspective

Children’s book examples of how perspective is used in picture books: The Napping House, Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs, Good Night Good Night Construction Site, The Little Engine that Could (and so many others!)
Practice: draw 3D shapes
Project: Washington Monument perspective drawing (from Inside the Lines here)

Week 6: Review

Read: Harold and the Purple Crayon (alternatives: Not a Box or Perfect Square)
Final project: White House drawing (from Inside the Lines here)

My example projects for the first 6 weeks:

Tin Whistle (weeks 7-12)

Here are a couple of resources that I’ve found very helpful in planning for the music theory/tin whistle unit:

This is my favorite set of tin whistle lesson plans, but this one, this one, and this one are good too so check them out and see what you like best
These YouTube videos give ideas for each week and have been very helpful!
This workbook and this workbook have some great worksheets/visuals/printables
If you have an older class, this tin whistle karate looks so super fun!

These are my plans that are in addition to what’s in the CC Foundations Guide so please refer to the guide for the bulk of your lesson planning. I’ll use it and the lesson plans I linked above for my lesson, these are just a few additional activities I’ll be doing for each week

Week 7: Parts of the Tin Whistle

Visual aids: printed/laminated the tin whistle picture with the tin whistle song and picture of cacophony vs. unison (both from here) to put on my white board
Song to teach the parts of the tin whistle and that matches the song on my printed poster can be found here (3 minutes in to the video)
Activities: Simon Says with identifying the parts of the tin whistle (Simon Says show me the fipple, Simon Says touch the barrel, etc.) and Thumbs up, Thumbs down with positioning (I’ll hold my tin whistle either right or wrong and they’ll give me thumbs up or thumbs down)
Put painters tape on their left hands to help them remember which hand goes on top

Week 8: Dynamics

Visual Aid/Activity: Note cards (printed from here) with the various dynamics on them – used to introduce the concept and a game/activity for the kids to put in order on the white board
Activity: make a list of examples (bomb exploding, feather falling from a bird. mom calling a child in from outside for dinner, etc.) and have kids identify what dynamic that would be

Week 9: Note Values and Staff

Visual Aid: laminated picture of the types of notes (printed from here) and laminated/cut out large individual notes
Activity: practice drawing a staff and notes using this method
Activity: Make note flashcards/game cards (from here) for the kids to hold up as I ask “Show me a whole note, Show me a note that gets 1 beat”, etc.

Week 10: Rhythm

Visual Aid: Rhythm and bar line page (printed from here) to put on my white board
Visual Aid: Note fraction chart to show relationships in the note lengths (could also be used for week 9)
Worksheet: kids fill in note fraction chart to match mine (could also be used for week 9)

Week 11: Note Names and Scales

Visual Aid: poster with note names and rhyme for remembering them (from here)
Activity: Large notes/letters cut/laminated/magnetized for students to place on a large staff on the white board in the correct position (from here)

Week 12: Review

Music Theory BINGO (our community brings all the classes together and does a tin whistle concert during our review on week 12 so I won’t have much, if any, time to review with my class…but if I did I would 100% use this Music Theory BINGO because it looks like such a fun way to review! I may still use it anyway and squeeze it in for 5-10 minutes in the day.)

Great Artists (weeks 13-18)

(At our Q3 tutor meeting we will decide as a group what projects we will do so I don’t have those updated right now but I do have some other resources I will likely use)

General resources:

Here and here are multiple examples of work from each author – perfect to show in class
Here are brief bios of each artist**

Week 13: Grandma Moses

Give brief overview of life (using bio linked above) and show examples of work (also linked above)
Project:

Week 14: Pablo Picasso

Give brief overview (using bio linked above) and show examples of work (also linked above)
Project:

Week 15: Georgia O’Keefe

Give brief overview (using bio linked above) and show examples of work (also linked above)
Project:

Week 16: Norman Rockwell

Give brief overview (using bio linked above) and show examples of work (also linked above)
Project:

Week 17: Andrew Wyeth

Give brief overview (using bio linked above) and show examples of work (also linked above)
Project:

Week 18: Roy Lichtenstein

Give brief overview (using bio linked above) and show examples of work (also linked above)
Project:
This book is also a fun one to show after learning about Picasso, O’Keefe, and Lichtenstein

My example projects for weeks 13-18:

Orchestra (weeks 19-24)

Here are some of the resources I used in planning for the orchestra unit.

Here are several options for listening to the music (mp3s, streaming, YouTube videos, etc.) – I went with the mp3s (from here) so I could put them on a Yoto playlist (tutorial about CC + Yoto here)
These YouTube videos are SO helpful for planning each lesson!

Visuals for my orchestra board:

Week 19: Introduction to Orchestra

Briefly introduce the instrument families using the Meet the Instrument cards
Briefly introduce the time periods (romantic and modern) using Timeline cards
Show orchestra seating for both time periods
List a few facts about the romantic and modern period (from these lesson plans)
Quietly listen to all three pieces

Week 20: Tchaikovsky

Quick review of instrument families using the Meet the Instrument cards – hold up individual cards and let kids shout out which family they belong to
Brief review of the Romantic period and quick introduction to Tchaikovsky (from these lesson plans)
1st listen: I pause and talk about the different sections as we listen (I use this YouTube video to study at home so I know what to point out)
2nd listen: listen quietly with lights off
3rd listen: listen while looking at this listening guide

Week 21: Debussy

Quick review of instrument families using the Meet the Instrument cards – hold up individual cards and let kids shout out which family they belong to
Brief review of Modern period and quick introduction to Debussy (from these lesson plans)
1st listen: I pause and talk about the different sections as we listen (I use this YouTube video to study at home so I know what to point out)
2nd listen: listen quietly with lights off
3rd listen: listen while looking at this listening guide

Week 22: Stravinsky

Brief review of Modern period and quick introduction to Stravinsky (from these lesson plans)
1st listen: I pause and talk about some of the sections as we listen (I use this YouTube video to study at home so I know what to point out and this listening guide to remind me)
2nd listen: listen quietly with lights off
3rd listen: listen while looking at this listening guide

Week 23: Orchestra

Review of instrument families using the Meet the Instrument cards – give each child a handful of cards and have them match up their cards to the correct family
Review orchestra seating for the romantic and modern periods
Play clips of various instruments and have the kids guess which family they think it’s from as well as what specific instrument they think it is
Listen to and sing the orchestra song

Week 24:

Our community does orchestra together on week 24 and each class sings one part of the orchestra song

Hands on Science

Notes/scripts

There are several Cycle 3 Hands on Science scripts available on CCC. I pull from both option #1 (Nicole Liem’s) and option #2 (Hands on Science tutor book) as I’m prepping each week

Here are scripts that are the most popular options I see mentioned (also available in The Sandbox)
Another set of scripts that are my personal favorites: weeks 1-12 here, weeks 13-18 here, and weeks 19-24 here
This one is just a Bible discussion guide to be used alongside the experiment(s)
Here is a match up of the Indescribable book and How Great is Our God books that can be read alongside science

Science journal

In the past I have printed a very simple science “journal” (basically just a blank piece of paper with the title at the top) so my students could draw a picture of what they observed. I have not found a set of those made for cycle 3 – I may make my own at some point or I may just skip that this year. I only used it for a few weeks in previous years, so I may just have the kids use a plain blank piece of paper on the weeks that I decide to do it this year.

YouTube videos

There are a couple of places to watch videos about the experiments before you attempt to do them yourself in community. I always watch one (or more) of these each week as I prep.

Classical Conversations of Mt. Pleasant on YouTube
Emily Philip on youTube
The Learning Center on CCC has a video for each week too, you can find it under each week’s tab

Review Games

These are the games I used the last two years of tutoring. As of right now, I’m starting with these and will evaluate – my class this year is going to be quite a bit younger than the classes I’ve had the other two years so some of these may not work for them and I may have to pivot. But as of right now, this is my plan:

Week 1: Would you rather? (review will feel very long this week since there’s only one week to review, so we’ll ask/answer a would you rather question, then a review question, and back and forth to fill time and use as a “get to know you” game)
Week 2: Hot stew (posted in the 2026-2027 Tutor FB group so this link will only work if you’re in that group)
Week 3: Rocket Blast Off!
Week 4: Stinky Feet (using the positive numbers only for this young age group – they don’t really understand the negatives)
Week 5: Bingo
Week 6: Pom Pom Bomb
Week 7: Ouch! (posted in the 2025-2026 Tutor FB group from last year so this link will only work if you were in that group – I’ll update the link with the 2026-2027 group if/when I have that)
Week 8: Bug swat game
Week 9: Roll a Pumpkin
Week 10: Hot Stew (posted in the 2026-2027 Tutor FB group so this link will only work if you’re in that group)
Week 11: Rocket Blast Off!
Week 12: Bingo

Over Christmas break I will review how the games from weeks 1-12 went and then decide which ones to use again in the 2nd half of the year.

Week 13:
Week 14:
Week 15:
Week 16:
Week 17:
Week 18:
Week 19:
Week 20:
Week 21:
Week 22:
Week 23:
Week 24: Target practice (draw a target on the board with subjects in each ring, throw a sticky ball at it to pick the subject)

I also made a list of a couple of no prep games that if something happens (I forget part of that week’s game at home, the game is a flop, we finish way too soon, etc.) I can pull out one of these on the fly. These are ones that either just require the white board and a marker or something that I already have with me (“I have say it like” and Animal antics in my binder, I keep the four corners cards in my bag, etc.)

Tic Tac Toe on the whiteboard
Alien face/silly face (they get to add to the face on the whiteboard after each review question – you can let them just add whatever or you can have them roll dice to determine what they add)
Mural (you start a picture on the whiteboard and they get to add something to it after each review question
A tisket, a tasket (basically the same as pass the present above, just not seasonal specific)
Say it like, while… (also a good one to use for new grammar) or Animal Antics
4 corners (if you have my tutor bundle from Etsy this download is in there, otherwise just write 1, 2, 3, 4 on notecards)

And some other low prep options I have ready at home if I decide last minute to punt on one of the other games I had planned:

Wiggle Worm (if you want to buy on here is this one on Etsy, but I just took popsicle sticks and wrote a subject on each one then made 2 with worms on them)
Beanbag toss (tape subjects on the ground, the closest one they toss their beanbag to is what they answer)
Dice (I have one dice with dry erase on each side from Dollar Tree and one dice with CC subjects; write actions or silly voices on the dry erase one, they roll both so one dice tells them the subject to review and the other tells how to say/do it)
Sticker the tutor (they get a sticker to put on me after they answer a question)

Other quiet activities (some tutors find that their students do better listening to the memory work while playing with a quiet activity during review time rather than doing games/activities. If that turns out to be the case for my class I’ll try some of these):

playdoh
brainflakes
coloring sheets (used code MYCHOCOLATEMOMENTS for 20% off anything in her shop)

Review Tips

Most weeks I bring these maps from the trifold board pages that I use at home and I use them during review time to make it easier for us to review the geography from the past weeks.

Miscellaneous Tips

Don’t forget to print out a “first day of CC” paper – take a picture of each kid in your class holding it on the first day, then again with a “last day of CC”, one on the last day.

Gift Ideas

Gifts are NEVER required or expected, but if you do want to give your kids a Christmas gift or an end of the year gift, here are some fun, inexpensive options that go along with this cycle:

Human Body activity book – cute little workbook that’s perfect for the younger kids and goes along with our anatomy focus in Cycle 3

Classical Conversations Cycle 3 Tutor Plans